How the Internet Works
- Company A = large communications provider. Has a PoP (Point of Presence) in each major city.
- Company B = large corporate with multiple buildings – lays out it’s own fiberoptic cable to connect all it’s buildings.
- In this arrangement, all of Company A’s customers can talk to each other, and all of Company B’s customers can talk to each other, but there is no way for Company A’s customers and Company B’s customers to intercommunicate. Therefore, Company A and Company B both agree to connect to NAPs (Network Access Points) in various cities, and traffic between the two companies flows between the networks at the NAPs.
- One layer above the networking layer, you get the application layer. Servers are the key players here.
In the real Internet, dozens of large Internet providers interconnect at NAPs in various cities, and trillions of bytes of data flow between the individual networks at these points. The Internet is a collection of huge corporate networks that agree to all intercommunicate with each other at the NAPs. In this way, every computer on the Internet connects to every other.
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